Background/Aim. The metabolism and effects of the abuse of psychoactive substances are not yet fully understood, but it is evident that they represent a tremendous risk to the health of individuals. This paper aims to present a review of published results on the impact of psychoactive substance abuse on kidney function. Methodology. PubMed and MEDLINE databases were used to search the literature related to drug abuse and its effects on renal function. Results. For this study, we found 79 human studies that aimed to present a summary of published results on the impact of psychoactive substance abuse on kidney function. Renal manifestations of specific illicit drug abuse were included in this review. Conclusion. Understanding the nephrotoxicological profile caused by the use of psychoactive substances is the basis for adequate risk assessment and improvement of the treatment of consequential kidney disorders.
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