Mahfoud F, Gartner B, Kindermann M, Ukena C, Gadomski K, Klingel K, et al. Virus serology in patients with suspected myocarditis: utility or futility? European Heart Journal. 2011;32(7):897–903.
2.
Frustaci A, Russo MA, Chimenti C. Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study. European Heart Journal. 2009;30(16):1995–2002.
3.
Schmidt‐Lucke C, Spillmann F, Bock T, Kühl U, Van Linthout S, Schultheiss H, et al. Interferon Beta Modulates Endothelial Damage in Patients with Cardiac Persistence of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2010;201(6):936–45.
4.
Kühl U, Pauschinger M, Schwimmbeck PL, Seeberg B, Lober C, Noutsias M, et al. Interferon-β Treatment Eliminates Cardiotropic Viruses and Improves Left Ventricular Function in Patients With Myocardial Persistence of Viral Genomes and Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Circulation. 2003;107(22):2793–8.
5.
Schultheiss HP, Kuhl U, Cooper LT. The management of myocarditis. European Heart Journal. 2011;32(21):2616–25.
6.
McCarthy RE, Boehmer JP, Hruban RH, Hutchins GM, Kasper EK, Hare JM, et al. Long-Term Outcome of Fulminant Myocarditis as Compared with Acute (Nonfulminant) Myocarditis. New England Journal of Medicine. 2000;342(10):690–5.
7.
Magnani JW, Suk Danik HJ, Dec GW, DiSalvo TG. Survival in biopsy-proven myocarditis: A long-term retrospective analysis of the histopathologic, clinical, and hemodynamic predictors. American Heart Journal. 2006;151(2):463–70.
8.
Cooper LT, Baughman KL, Feldman AM, Frustaci A, Jessup M, Kuhl U, et al. The Role of Endomyocardial Biopsy in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;50(19):1914–31.
9.
Mahrholdt H, Goedecke C, Wagner A, Meinhardt G, Athanasiadis A, Vogelsberg H, et al. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Human Myocarditis. Circulation. 2004;109(10):1250–8.
10.
Baccouche H, Mahrholdt H, Meinhardt G, Merher R, Voehringer M, Hill S, et al. Diagnostic synergy of non-invasive cardiovascular magnetic resonance and invasive endomyocardial biopsy in troponin-positive patients without coronary artery disease. European Heart Journal. 2009;30(23):2869–79.
11.
Ukena C, Mahfoud F, Kindermann I, Kandolf R, Kindermann M, Böhm M. Prognostic electrocardiographic parameters in patients with suspected myocarditis. European Journal of Heart Failure. 2011;13(4):398–405.
12.
McCully RB, Cooper LT, Schreiter S. Coronary artery spasm in lymphocytic myocarditis: a rare cause of acute myocardial infarction. Heart. 2005;91(2):202–202.
13.
Caforio ALP, Calabrese F, Angelini A, Tona F, Vinci A, Bottaro S, et al. A prospective study of biopsy-proven myocarditis: prognostic relevance of clinical and aetiopathogenetic features at diagnosis. European Heart Journal. 2007;28(11):1326–33.
14.
Cooper LT, Rader V, Ralston NVC. The Roles of Selenium and Mercury in the Pathogenesis of Viral Cardiomyopathy. Congestive Heart Failure. 2007;13(4):193–9.
15.
Coyne CB, Bergelson JM. Virus-Induced Abl and Fyn Kinase Signals Permit Coxsackievirus Entry through Epithelial Tight Junctions. Cell. 2006;124(1):119–31.
16.
Yamauchi-Takihara K. What we learned from pandemic H1N1 influenza A. Cardiovascular Research. 2011;89(3):483–4.
17.
Kühl U, Pauschinger M, Noutsias M, Seeberg B, Bock T, Lassner D, et al. High Prevalence of Viral Genomes and Multiple Viral Infections in the Myocardium of Adults With “Idiopathic” Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Circulation. 2005;111(7):887–93.
18.
Kindermann I, Kindermann M, Kandolf R, Klingel K, Bültmann B, Müller T, et al. Predictors of Outcome in Patients With Suspected Myocarditis. Circulation. 2008;118(6):639–48.
19.
Mahrholdt H, Wagner A, Deluigi CC, Kispert E, Hager S, Meinhardt G, et al. Presentation, Patterns of Myocardial Damage, and Clinical Course of Viral Myocarditis. Circulation. 2006;114(15):1581–90.
20.
Bowles NE, Ni J, Kearney DL, Pauschinger M, Schultheiss HP, McCarthy R, et al. Detection of viruses in myocardial tissues by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2003;42(3):466–72.
21.
Nugent AW, Daubeney PEF, Chondros P, Carlin JB, Cheung M, Wilkinson LC, et al. The Epidemiology of Childhood Cardiomyopathy in Australia. New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;348(17):1639–46.
22.
Maron BJ, Doerer JJ, Haas TS, Tierney DM, Mueller FO. Sudden Deaths in Young Competitive Athletes. Circulation. 2009;119(8):1085–92.
23.
Gutberlet M, Spors B, Thoma T, Bertram H, Denecke T, Felix R, et al. Suspected Chronic Myocarditis at Cardiac MR: Diagnostic Accuracy and Association with Immunohistologically Detected Inflammation and Viral Persistence. Radiology. 2008;246(2):401–9.
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
